NPV & IRR Calculator
Calculate net present value and internal rate of return for any series of cash flows. Enter a discount rate and yearly cash flows to evaluate whether an investment creates value.
NPV at 10%
$71.78
IRR
12.83%
How to use the npv & irr calculator
Enter your cash flow series (period 0 first, typically the negative initial investment) separated by commas, spaces, or new lines. Set the discount rate for NPV. IRR is computed automatically.
Formula & explanation
NPV = Σ (CF_t / (1 + r)^t). IRR is the rate r where NPV = 0 — solved here by bisection over [-99.9%, 1000%].
Examples
Initial −1000, then 200, 300, 400, 500 over 4 years at 10%: NPV ≈ -103.55, IRR ≈ 12.83%.
Frequently asked questions
- Multiple IRRs?
- When cash flows have multiple sign changes, IRR isn't unique. We return the first root found; for those cases, prefer MIRR.
- What discount rate should I use?
- Common choice is your firm's WACC for project evaluation, or a market rate equal to the project's risk.
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